Earthquakes are caused due to the movement of the tectonic plates of the Earth. The Earth’s deeper layers consist of hot mantle rocks at elevated temperatures, which create increased pressure. This pressure causes movement of the land and the force of water creates a push on the land leading to movements called as continental drifts. This has led to the separation of the landmass. The other important phenomenon used for explaining the continental drift includes mass extinction, fossil deposition in the ocean floor, hydrothermal vents and environmental changes.

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