Question
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Solving time: 10 mins
Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples :
(i) Protonema
(ii) Antheridium
(iii) Archegonium
(iv) Diplontic
(v) Sporophyll
(vi) Isogamy
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(i) Protonema – It is the first stage in the life cycle of a moss, developing directly from the spore. It consists of creeping, green, branched, and often filamentous structures.
(ii) Antheridium – It is the male sex organ present in bryophytes and pteridophytes and is surrounded by a jacket of sterile cells. It encloses the sperm mother cells, which give rise to the male gametes.
(iii) Archegonium – It is the female sex organ present in bryophytes, pteridophytes, and gymnosperms. In bryophytes and pteridophytes, it generally has a swollen venter and a tubular neck and contains the female gamete called the egg.
(iv) Diplontic – It is the term used for the life cycles of seed-bearing plants (gymnosperms and angiosperms). In these plants, the diploid sporophyte is dominant, photosynthetic, and independent. The gametophyte is represented by a single-celled (or a few-celled) structure.
(v) Sporophyll – In pteridophytes, the sporophytic plant body bears sporangia. These sporangia are subtended by leaf-like appendages known as sporophylls. In gymnosperms, microsporophylls and megasporophylls are found. These bear microspores and megaspores respectively.
(vi) Isogamy – It is a type of sexual reproduction involving the fusion of morphologically similar gametes. This means that the gametes are of the same size, but perform different functions. This type of reproduction is commonly observed in Spirogyra.
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Question Text | Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples : (i) Protonema (ii) Antheridium (iii) Archegonium (iv) Diplontic (v) Sporophyll (vi) Isogamy |
Updated On | Jan 23, 2023 |
Topic | Plant Kingdom |
Subject | Biology |
Class | Class 11 |
Answer Type | Text solution:1 Video solution: 1 |
Upvotes | 218 |
Avg. Video Duration | 6 min |