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Describe modifications of stem with suitable examples.
Biology
Biology

Class 11

NCERT

Publisher:
NCERT
Subject:
Biology
1

Chapter 1: The Living World

11 questions

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2

Chapter 2: Biological Classification

12 questions

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3

Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom

12 questions

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4

Chapter 4: Animal Kingdom

15 questions

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5

Chapter 5: Morphology of Flowering Plants

15 questions

Q1
Draw the labelled diagram of the following: 
(i) Gram seed 
(ii) V. S. of maize seed
Q2
Describe modifications of stem with suitable examples.
Q3
Take one flower each of the families Fabaceae and Solanaceae and write its semi-technical description. Also draw their floral diagram after studying them.
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6

Chapter 6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants

12 questions

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7

Chapter 7: Structural Organization in Animals

14 questions

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8

Chapter 8: Cell: The Unit of Life

14 questions

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9

Chapter 9: Biomolecules

15 questions

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10

Chapter 10: Cell Cycle and Cell Division

16 questions

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11

Chapter 11: Transport in Plants

16 questions

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12

Chapter 12: Mineral Nutrition

10 questions

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13

Chapter 13: Photosysnthesis in Higher Plants

9 questions

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14

Chapter 14: Respiration in Plants

12 questions

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15

Chapter 15: Plant Growth and Development

11 questions

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16

Chapter 16: Digestion and Absorption

15 questions

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17

Chapter 17: Breathing and Exchange of Gases

14 questions

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18

Chapter 18: Body Fluids and Circulation

14 questions

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19

Chapter 19: Excretory Products and their Elimination

12 questions

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20

Chapter 20: Locomotion and Movement

10 questions

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21

Chapter 21: Neural Control and Coordination

12 questions

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22

Chapter 22: Chemical Coordination and Integration

9 questions

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Question
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Describe modifications of stem with suitable examples.

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Biology (NCERT)

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Stems of various plants have undergone modifications to perform different functions.
1. Underground stems or storage stems:
Examples: Rhizomes, Corms, tubers
In ginger and banana, the underground stem is called as a rhizome. The underground stem in Colocasia (arvi) is known as corm. Rhizomes and corms are underground stems, modified for the storage of food. Also, these stems help in vegetative reproduction of these plants. The tips of the underground stem in potato plants become swollen due to the accumulation of food. The potato is a tuber that helps in the storage of food and bears eyes on it. Subtended by a leaf scar, these eyes bear buds that give rise to new plants.
2. Supportive stems:
Example: tendril
The stem in some weak plants bears thin, slender and spirally-coiled structures called as tendrils that help the plant get attached to nearby structures for support. Tendrils are found in cucumbers, melons and other members of the family Cucurbitaceae.
3. Protective stems:
Example: Thorns
The stem in Bougainvillea and citrus plants (like lemon and orange) bear sharp, pointed structures called as thorns, which provide protection to the plant from herbivores.
4. Photosynthetic stems:
Example: Opuntia
The stem in the Opuntia is green. It carries out the process of photosynthesis in the absence of leaves.
5. Others stem modifications:
In some plants, underground stems such as grasses spread in the soil and help in perenation. These stems are called as runners.
The short lateral stem called as the offset in some aquatic plants (such as Eichhornia) bears leaves and tufts of roots at the node and gives rise to new plants.
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Question Text
Describe modifications of stem with suitable examples.
TopicMorphology of Flowering Plants
SubjectBiology
ClassClass 11
Answer TypeText solution:1
Upvotes82