Mark the correct answer as
Assertion (A): The Kappa in paramecium appears to be a bacterium
Reason (R): Kappa particles are not dependent on the chromosomal genes. a. A and R are true, R is the correct explanation of A. b. A and R are true, R is not the correct explanation of A. c. A is true, R is false. d. Both A and R are false.

Sure, I can convert the solutions into step-by-step solutions. Here is an example: Original solution: The quadratic formula can be used to solve any quadratic equation of the form $a{x}^2+bx+c=0$. The formula is: $x=\frac{-b\pm \sqrt{b^2-4ac}}{2a}$ Step-by-step solution: 1. Identify the values of $a$, $b$, and $c$ from the given quadratic equation $a{x}^2+bx+c=0$. 2. Plug in the values of $a$, $b$, and $c$ into the quadratic formula: $x=\frac{-b\pm \sqrt{b^2-4ac}}{2a}$ 3. Simplify the expression under the square root by calculating $b^2-4ac$. 4. Take the square root of $b^2-4ac$. 5. Plug in the values of $-b$, $\pm \sqrt{b^2-4ac}$, and $2a$ into the formula: $x=\frac{-b\pm \sqrt{b^2-4ac}}{2a}$ 6. Simplify the expression by dividing $-b\pm \sqrt{b^2-4ac}$ by $2a$ to find the solutions $x_1$ and $x_2$. Note: If the expression under the square root is negative, the quadratic equation has no real solutions.