Q: Which one is the most acidic compound?

−NO2 group has very strong −1&−R effects.

Question 1

Which one is the most acidic compound?

Accepted Answer

−NO2​ group has very strong −1&−R  effects.

Question 2

Consider the reactions:

Accepted Answer

Sin'A' gives positive silver mirror test therefore, it must be an aldehyde or α -Hydroxyketone.Reaction with semicarbazide indicates that A can be an aldehyde or ketone.Reaction with OH− i.e., aldol condensation (by assuming alkali to be dilute) indicates that A  is aldehyde as aldol reaction of ketones is reversible and carried out in special apparatus.These indicates option (3).

Question 3

Identify A and predict the type of reaction:

Accepted Answer

More stable as -ve charge is close to electron withdrawing group∵  Incoming nucleophile ends on same ' C  ' on which 'Br' (Leaving group) was present∴  NOT cine substitution.

Question 4

Reaction of phenol with chloroform in presence of dilute sodium hydroxide finally introduces which one of the following functional group?

Accepted Answer

Reimer Tieman reaction

Question 5

Which of the following is not the product of dehydration of   ?

Accepted Answer

Intermediate carbocation (more stable). No rearangement in C+ takes place.

Question 6

Write IUPAC name of the given compound:

Accepted Answer

(i) 2,2,4-Trimethylpentan-3-ol(ii) 5-Ethylheptane-2,4-dioI(iii) Butane-2,3-diol(iv) Propane-1,2,3-triol(v) 2-Methylphenol(vi) 4-Methylphenol(vii) 2,5-DimethylphenoI(viii) 2,6-Dimethylphenol(ix) 1-Methoxy-2-methylpropane(x) Ethoxybenzene(xi) 1-Phenoxyheptane(xii) 2-Ethoxybutane

Question 7

Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows:(i) 2-Methylbutan-2-ol                   (ii) 1-Phenylpropan-2-ol(iii) 3,5-Dimethylhexane 1, 3, 5-triol      (iv) 2,3 Diethylphenol(v) 1 Ethoxypropane                 (vi) 2-Ethoxy-3-methylpentane(vii) Cyclohexylmethanol              (viii) 3-Cyclohexylpentan-3-ol(ix) Cyclopent-3-en-1-ol                 (x) 4-Chloro-3-ethylbutan-1-ol.

Accepted Answer

The structures of the compounds with given IUPAC names are as shown.

Question 8

(i) Draw the structures of all isomeric alcohols of molecular formula C5​H12​O and give their IUPAC names.(ii) Classify the isomers of alcohols in above question as primary, secondaryand tertiary alcohols.

Accepted Answer

(i)The structures of all isomeric alcohols of molecular formula C5​H12​O alongwith their IUPAC names are as shown.(ii)Primary: (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) ; Secondary :(v), (vi), (viii) ; Tertiary : (vii)

Question 9

Explain why propanol has higher boiling point than that of the butane?

Accepted Answer

Due to presence of −OH group, propanol undergoes intermolecular hydrogen bonding. However, butane cannot form such bonds since it has no −OH bonds. To break hydrogen bonds, extra energy is required.Hence, propanol has higher boiling point than that of the butane.

Question 10

Alcohols are comparatively more soluble in water than hydrocarbons of comparable molecular masses. Explain this fact.

Accepted Answer

Due to presence of −OH group, alcohols can form hydrogen bonds with water but hydrocarbons cannot form such hydrogen bonds due to the absence of −OH bonds..Hence, alcohols are comparatively more soluble in water than hydrocarbons of comparable molecular masses.

Question 11

What is meant by hydroboration-oxidation reaction? Illustrate it with an example.

Accepted Answer

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction is the addition of borane followed by oxidation. For example, propene on hydroboration-oxidation gives propan-1-ol.The reaction of propene with diborane gives trialkyl borane as an addition product.Oxidation by hydrogen peroxide in presence of aqueous sodium hydroxide gives propan-1-ol.

Question 12

Give the structures and IUPAC names of monohydric phenols of molecular formula, C7​H8​O.

Accepted Answer

The structures and IUPAC names of monohydric phenols of molecular formula, C7​H8​O are shown above.

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Solution for Class 12, Chemistry, Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers

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