Question 1

The two functional groups characteristic of sugars are

Accepted Answer

Sugar is a common term used to denote carbohydrate.Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehyde, ketone or their derivatives, which means they have carbonyl and hydroxyl groups.

Question 2

Which one of the following is a non - reducing carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose cannot donate electrons and hence is a non-reducing sugar.

Question 3

Identify the given structure and name the compound

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 4

Double sugar is

Accepted Answer

Double sugar is sucrose (table sugar) and milk sugar is lactose. Sugar in germinating seeds is also an example of double sugar.

Question 5

Pentoses and hexoses are common

Accepted Answer

Pentoses (e.g., ribose, deoxyribose) and hexoses (e. g., glucose, fructose, galactose) are common monosaccharides.

Question 6

Lactose is composed of following components

Accepted Answer

Lactose or milk sugar is reducing sugar formed through β,1→4 condensation between galactose and glucose.

Question 7

Hydrolysis of a glycosidic bond in a disaccharide is an example of

Accepted Answer

Transformation of biomolecules results due to the metabolic reactions occurring in body. Hydrolysis of glycosidic bond in a disaccharide results in the formation of simpler monosaccharides.

Question 8

Table sugar consists of

Accepted Answer

Sucrose is a sugar comprising one molecule of glucose linked to a fructose molecule. It is abundant in sugarcane, sugar beet, etc, from which it is extracted and defined as table sugar.

Question 9

Raffinose is a

Accepted Answer

Trisaccharides are composed of three monosaccharides. Raffinose is a common trisaccharide found in plant. On hydrolysis, it yields one molecule each of glucose, fructose and galactose.

Question 10

Which disaccharide has different linkage?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose has different linkage. It consists of 1, D-glucose and 1, D-fructose units jointed by α−1,2− glycosidic linkage.

Question 11

Carbohydrates, the most abundant biomolecules earth, are produced by

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates are the products of photosynthesis, which is carried out by photosynthetic bacteria, green algae and green plant cells.

Question 12

Which of the following is non-reducing sugar?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose is most abundant in plants. It consists of 1 -D glucose and 1, D fructose units jointed by α 1-2 glycosidic linkage. Due to absence of aldehyde group at 1−C atom, the sucrose is non-reducing sugar.

Question 13

Starch can be used as an indicator for the detection of traces of

Accepted Answer

Starch solution is colourless but changes its colour in iodine solution. Starch + (violet)  Iodine ​→ (blue-black)  Starch Iodine ​

Question 14

The enzyme which converts corn starch into fructose rich corn syrup is

Accepted Answer

Amylases, glucoamylases and glucoisomerases are all enzymes that convert corn starch into high fructose syrup, which is used to flavour soft drinks and to sweeten biscuits and cakes.

Question 15

Which one is the sweetest sugar?

Accepted Answer

Fructose is the sweetest sugar. It is found in sweet fruits and honey.

Question 16

Benedict’s reagent test is conducted to confirm the presence of

Accepted Answer

Such sugars, which give positive tests with Benedict’s solution and Tollen’s reagent are called reducing sugars. Most monosaccharides and some disaccharides are reducing sugars.

Question 17

Which is a reducing sugar?

Accepted Answer

Glucose, fructose, mannose and galactose are hexose monosaccharides. The monosaccharides have free aldehyde or ketone group, which can reduce Cu2+ to Cu. Therefore, these are called reducing sugars.

Question 18

Answer brieflyI. Which colour glycogen gives on its reaction with iodine solution?II. What is satellite DNA?III. Name three components of a nucleotide moleculeCorrect option will all answers is

Accepted Answer

I. RedII. Long stretches of repetitive base pairs is called satellite DNAIII. Phosphoric acid, pentose sugar and nitrogenous organic base

Question 19

Formation of lactic acid form glucose occurs in… metabolic steps

Accepted Answer

Metabolic pathway from glucose to lactic acid occurs in 10 metabolic steps. This pathway is known as glycolysis.

Question 20

Identify A and B bonds in the following diagram of a portion of glycogen

Accepted Answer

A=1−4α-glycosidic bonds, B=1−6α− glycosidic binds

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