Q: Oxygen is not produced during photosynthesis by :

Green sulphur bacteria do not use H2O as source of proton, therefore they do not evolve O2.

Question 1

Oxygen is not produced during photosynthesis by :

Accepted Answer

Green sulphur bacteria do not use H2​O  as source of proton, therefore they do not evolve O2​.

Question 2

A complex of ribosomes attached to single strand of RNA is known as:

Accepted Answer

Many ribosomes are attached to a single strand of mRNA during protein synthesis. This is known as Polysome.

Question 3

Which of the following is not a feature of the plasmids?

Accepted Answer

Plasmids are extrachromosomal, double stranded circular DNA.

Question 4

The primitive prokaryotes responsible for the production of biogas from the dung of ruminant animals, include the:

Accepted Answer

Archaebacteria are considered as most primitive prokaryote which appeared on earth for the first time as it could survive through the anaerobic harsh environment present that time.Halophilus, Thermoacidophiles and Methanogens are Archaebacteria.Methanogens are present in the rumen of cattle that is present in dung as well. It helps in production of methane gas that is a component of biogas.

Question 5

Archaebacteria differ from eubacteria in :

Accepted Answer

The cell membrane of eubacteria is made of peptidoglycan, while that ofarchaebacteria is made of pseudomurein.

Question 6

The motile bacteria are able to move by :

Accepted Answer

Flagella are the locomotory organs in bacteria.

Question 7

Besides paddy fields, cyanobacteria are also found inside vegetative part of:

Accepted Answer

Coralloid root of cycas plant possess cyanobacteria.

Question 8

Pigment-containing membranous extensions in some cyanobacteria are:

Accepted Answer

Photosynthetic pigment are present in membranous extension chromatophore in cyanobacteria.

Question 9

Which of the following are found in extreme salineconditions?

Accepted Answer

Archaebacteria are able to survive in harsh conditionsbecause of branched lipid chain in cell membranewhich reduces fluidity of cell membrane.Halophiles are exclusively found in saline habitats.

Question 10

Select the mismatch :

Accepted Answer

Rhodospirillum is anaerobic, free living nitrogen fixer.Mycorrhiza is a symbiotic relationship between fungiand roots of higher plants.

Question 11

Which among the following are the smallest living cells, known without a definite cell wall, pathogenic to plants as well as animals and can survive without  oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Mycoplasmas are smallest, wall-less prokaryotes, pleomorphic in nature. These are pathogenic on both plants and animals.

Question 12

Which of the following components provides sticky character to the bacterial cell?

Accepted Answer

Sticky character of the bacterial wall is due to glycocalyx or slime layer. This layer is rich in glycoproteins.

Question 13

State two economically important uses of: (a) Heterotrophic bacteria(b) Archaebacteria

Accepted Answer

Heterotrophic bacteria are microorganisms which survive by deriving their energy using organic matter from other sources rather synthesizing their own organic matter. The Heterotrophic bacteria have several economic applications; Lactobacillus and Streptococcus are widely used for the production of milk products like curd and cheese. Streptomyces is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria with the ability to produce bioactive secondary metabolites such as antifungals, antivirals, antitumoral, anti-hypertensives, and mainly antibiotics and immunosuppressives. Many different kinds of heterotrophic bacteria are used for sewage treatment. Some heterotrophic bacteria like Alcanivorax or Methylocella Silvestris have an important applications in bio-remediation (cleaning the oil spills). Archaebacteria are a group of prokaryotes which live under very harsh and hostile conditions. Since the enzymes from these organisms can survive harsh conditions they have many industrial applications in biotechnology; Many of the thermostable enzymes used in the manipulation of DNA are derived from Archaebacteria, Methanogens of the Archaebacteria are mainly involved in the biogas production.

Question 14

Choose the correct option with respect to the general characteristics of Kingdom Monera.

Accepted Answer

Bacteria are the sole members of the Kingdom Monera. These are prokaryotic cells that have a non-cellulosic cell wall. These have a cellular level organization. Some exhibit an autotrophic mode while other show a heterotrophic mode of nutrition.

Question 15

Match the organisms in column-I with habitats in column-II.

Accepted Answer

Halophiles, a type of archaebacteria, usually occur in extreme saline conditions like salt pans, salt beds and salt marshes. A thermoacidophile is an extremophilic microorganism that is thermophilic i.e., it can grow under conditions of high temperature like hot springs. Methanogens are a group of microorganisms that can produce methane as a byproduct of their metabolism. They hold an important place in the digestive system of ruminants. Cyanobacteria commonly known as bluegreen-algae, are not truly eukaryotic algae. They are ubiquitous in aquatic environments like ponds, lakes, water streams, rivers, and wetlands.

Question 16

Choose the odd one out with respect to the Mycoplasma .

Accepted Answer

Mycoplasma are small, unicellular, (non-motile) prokaryotic organisms. They are pleomorphic. Therefore they are known as pleuro pneumonia like organisms (PPLO). They lack cell wall. It contains cytoplasm, ribosomes and DNA. They are inhibited by tetracycline but insensitive to penicillin. They cause various diseases.

Question 17

Bacterial flagella do not show ATPase activity and 9 + 2 organisation. These are chemically formed of:

Accepted Answer

The bacterial flagellum is a long, filamentous and a protoplasmic appendage. They arise in the cell envelope. In the bacterial flagella, instead of 9+2 arrangement of tubulin, there is simply a single filament of globular protein called flagellin.

Question 18

What is true about archaebacteria?

Accepted Answer

The archaebacteria are able to flourish in extreme conditions of environment that are believed to have existed on primitive Earth. It is believed that these represent the early forms of life. Hence archaebacteria are called the ‘oldest living beings’.

Question 19

किसमें प्रकाश-संश्लेषण में ऑक्सीजन नहीं निकलती?

Accepted Answer

हरित सल्फर जीवाणु प्रोटॉन के स्रोत के रूप में H2​O का प्रयोग नहीं करते हैं, अतः वे ऑक्सीजन का उत्पादन नहीं करते हैं।

Question 20

निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा एक पूर्वकेन्द्रकी नहीं है?

Accepted Answer

सैकरोमाइसिज अर्थात् यीस्ट एक कोशिकीय कवक (Eucaryote) है। माइकोवैक्टिरियम एक जीवाणु है। असिलेटोरिया तथा नॉस्टॉक, सायनो बैक्टीरिया समूह में आते हैं।

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Solution for Class 11, Biology, Biological Classification

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