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What are reducing sugars?

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All those carbohydrates which contain a free aldehyde or Ketonic group and reduce Fehling's solution and Tollen's reagent are referred as a reducing Sugar. Examples of reducing sugar is galactose, glucose, glyceraldehyde, fructose, ribose, and xylose.
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OMOLECULES N#CC(O)C(O)COCC(C=O)C(C)C=OO=NC(O)CO Glucose cyanohydrin Clucose Glucose oxime These reactions suggest that glucose contains a carbonyl group group. (b) Glucose on oxidation with a mild oxidising agent like bromine water, or (or Tollens' reagent) ves gluconic acid containing the same six carbon atoms as present in glucose. This suggests that the carbonyl vup present in glucose in an aldehydic group. O=CC(O)CCCCC(O)C(=O)O Since aldehyde is monovalent, it is always present at the end of the carbon chain. 3. Presence of five hydroxyl groups. On acetylation with acetic anhydride, glucose gives a pentaacetate. his confirms that glucose contains five groups. We know that the presence of two or more groups a the same carbon atom makes the molecule unstable. Now since glucose is a stable compound, therefore, of five groups must be present on different carbon atoms. O=CC(O)COCC(=O)[C@H]1C(=O)OCC(C=O)OC1=O Glucose Glucose pentaacetate 4. Presence of one primary alcoholic group. On oxidation with conc. nitric acid, both glucose and gluconic acid give the same dicarboxylic acid, saccharic acid or glucaric acid (older name glycaric acid). it This indicates that glucose contains one primary alcoholic group. O=CC(O)COO=C(O)C(C(=O)O)C(=O)OO=C(O)C(O)CO D-Glucose Saccharic acid Gluconic acid or giucaric acid The primary alcoholic group is always present at the end of the carbon chain. 5. Straight chain. (i) On reduction with sodium amalgam, glucose yields sorbitol, a hexahydric alcohol. O=CC(O)COOCC(O)CO
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Question Text
What are reducing sugars?
Updated OnJul 21, 2023
TopicBiomolecules
SubjectChemistry
ClassClass 12
Answer TypeText solution:1 Video solution: 1
Upvotes139
Avg. Video Duration5 min