Explain heat, work and internal energy of a system.

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Temperature determines the direction of flow of heat when two bodies are in thermal contact. Heat flows from the body at a higher temperature to a lower temperature. The flow stops when the two bodies are in thermal equilibrium. This type of heat transfer is a non-mechanical energy transfer.
When thermal energy is transferred from an object into the atmosphere then the thermal energy of the object is taken to be negative while on giving heat on an object from the atmosphere the thermal energy of the object is taken to be positive. If the temperature of the object remains constant due to the exchange of heat in the object the state of the object changes.

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