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Describe the important steps in muscle contraction.
Biology
Biology

Class 11

NCERT

Publisher:
NCERT
Subject:
Biology
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Chapter 1: The Living World

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Chapter 2: Biological Classification

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3

Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom

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Chapter 4: Animal Kingdom

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Chapter 5: Morphology of Flowering Plants

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Chapter 6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants

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7

Chapter 7: Structural Organization in Animals

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Chapter 8: Cell: The Unit of Life

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Chapter 9: Biomolecules

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Chapter 10: Cell Cycle and Cell Division

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11

Chapter 11: Transport in Plants

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12

Chapter 12: Mineral Nutrition

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13

Chapter 13: Photosysnthesis in Higher Plants

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14

Chapter 14: Respiration in Plants

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15

Chapter 15: Plant Growth and Development

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16

Chapter 16: Digestion and Absorption

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17

Chapter 17: Breathing and Exchange of Gases

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18

Chapter 18: Body Fluids and Circulation

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19

Chapter 19: Excretory Products and their Elimination

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20

Chapter 20: Locomotion and Movement

10 questions

Q1
Define sliding filament theory of muscle contraction.
Q2
Describe the important steps in muscle contraction.
Q3
Write true or false. If false change the statement so that it is true.
(a) Actin is present in thin filament.
(b) H-zone of striated muscle fibre represents both thick and thin filaments.
(c) Human skeleton has 206 bones.
(d) There are 11 pairs of ribs in man.
(e) Sternum is present on the ventral side of the body.
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21

Chapter 21: Neural Control and Coordination

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22

Chapter 22: Chemical Coordination and Integration

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Question
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Describe the important steps in muscle contraction.

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Updated on: Jun 5, 2023

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Biology (NCERT)

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During skeletal muscle contraction, the thick filament slides over the thin filament by a repeated binding and releases myosin along the filament. This whole process occurs in a sequential manner.
Step 1:
Muscle contraction is initiated by signals that travel along the axon and reach the neuromuscular junction or motor end plate. The neuromuscular junction is a junction between a neuron and the sarcolemma of the muscle fibre. As a result, acetylcholine (a neurotransmitter) is released into the synaptic cleft by generating an action potential in the sarcolemma.
Step 2:
The generation of this action potential releases calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the sarcoplasm.
Step 3:
The increased calcium ions in the sarcoplasm lead to the activation of actin sites. Calcium ions bind to the troponin on actin filaments and remove the tropomyosin, wrapped around actin filaments. Hence, active actin sites are exposed and this allows myosin heads to attach to this site.
Step 4:
In this stage, the myosin head attaches to the exposed site of actin and forms cross bridges by utilizing energy from ATP hydrolysis. The actin filaments are pulled. As a result, the H-zone reduces. It is at this stage that the contraction of the muscle occurs.
Step 5:
After muscle contraction, the myosin head pulls the actin filament and releases ADP along with inorganic phosphate. ATP molecules bind and detach myosin and the cross bridges are broken.
Step 6:
This process of formation and breaking down of cross bridges continues until there is a drop in the stimulus, which causes an increase in calcium. As a result, the concentration of calcium ions decreases, thereby masking the actin filaments and leading to muscle relaxation.
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Question Text
Describe the important steps in muscle contraction.
Updated OnJun 5, 2023
TopicLocomotion and Movement
SubjectBiology
ClassClass 11
Answer TypeText solution:1 Video solution: 1
Upvotes129
Avg. Video Duration3 min