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Describe the evolutionary change in the pattern of heart among
Biology
Biology

Class 11

NCERT

Publisher:
NCERT
Subject:
Biology
1

Chapter 1: The Living World

11 questions

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2

Chapter 2: Biological Classification

12 questions

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3

Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom

12 questions

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4

Chapter 4: Animal Kingdom

15 questions

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5

Chapter 5: Morphology of Flowering Plants

15 questions

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6

Chapter 6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants

12 questions

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7

Chapter 7: Structural Organization in Animals

14 questions

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8

Chapter 8: Cell: The Unit of Life

14 questions

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9

Chapter 9: Biomolecules

15 questions

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10

Chapter 10: Cell Cycle and Cell Division

16 questions

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11

Chapter 11: Transport in Plants

16 questions

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12

Chapter 12: Mineral Nutrition

10 questions

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13

Chapter 13: Photosysnthesis in Higher Plants

9 questions

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14

Chapter 14: Respiration in Plants

12 questions

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15

Chapter 15: Plant Growth and Development

11 questions

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16

Chapter 16: Digestion and Absorption

15 questions

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17

Chapter 17: Breathing and Exchange of Gases

14 questions

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18

Chapter 18: Body Fluids and Circulation

14 questions

Q1
Write the differences between:
(a) Blood and Lymph
(b) Open and closed system of circulation
(c) Systole and diastole
(d) P- wave and T- wave
Q2
Describe the evolutionary change in the pattern of heart among the vertebrates.
Q3
Why do we call our heart myogenic?
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19

Chapter 19: Excretory Products and their Elimination

12 questions

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20

Chapter 20: Locomotion and Movement

10 questions

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21

Chapter 21: Neural Control and Coordination

12 questions

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22

Chapter 22: Chemical Coordination and Integration

9 questions

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Question
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Solving time: 5 mins

Describe the evolutionary change in the pattern of heart among the vertebrates.

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Biology (NCERT)

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Heart is a hollow muscular organ present in all vertebrates which pump blood to whole of the body. Evolutionary change in the heart is observed on the basis of separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood for efficient oxygen transport to the body. 
Fish heart- It is made up of 2 chambers- one auricle and one ventricle. Since there is  no division of auricles and ventricles, deoxygenated blood passes through it which enters the gills for oxygenation. It has two additional chambers such as sinus venosus and conus arteriosus.
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Amphibian heart- It has 3 chambers- 2 auricles and one ventricle. The auricles are divided by a septum while ventricle is undivided. Additional chambers such as sinus venosus and conus arteriosus are also present. The deoxygenated blood from whole body enters the right auricle while oxygenated blood enters the left auricle from the lungs and ultimately two types of blood get mixed up in ventricle. 

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Reptilian heart- It is incompletely 4 chambered except in crocodiles, alligators and gharials. They have only one accessory chamber called sinus venosus. The reptilian heart also shows mixed blood circulation.

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Avian and mammalian hearts- It is made up of four chambers- 2 auricles and two ventricles. These two pairs of chambers separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. The upper two chambers are called atria and the lower two chambers are called ventricles. The chambers are separated by a muscular wall that prevents the mixing of the blood rich in oxygen with the blood rich in carbon dioxide.
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Question Text
Describe the evolutionary change in the pattern of heart among the vertebrates.
TopicBody Fluids and Circulation
SubjectBiology
ClassClass 11
Answer TypeText solution:1
Upvotes87